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Natural Rubber History

Natural Rubber

History

Native to the Americas, natural rubber arrives in Europe in the first half of the eighteenth century. Despite the initial interest, some technical flaws such as increased viscosity at high temperatures and high solubility, slowed down its use. It was only after countless research, attempts and failures, that around the mid-nineteenth century the versatile and resistant material known today was obtained.

Natural Rubber History

1942

Cristoforo Colombo is the first European to observe rubber.

1745

Charles de la Condamine introduces rubber in Europe.

1770

John Priestley coined the name "rubber" (from "to rub") after observing that it could be used to erase the sign of graphite.

1820

Thomas Hancock invents the Masticator.

1839

Charles Goodyear discovers vulcanization.

1876

Start of the spread of the Hevea Brasiliensis in Asia.

Anecdote

At this time the natural rubber market was controlled almost exclusively by Brazil. Queen Victoria, worried about the precariousness of Brazilian supplies and in pursuit for profits, gave to the botanist Henry Wickham the assignment to go recover the rubber tree seeds in Amazonia and bring them back to England. After an adventurous journey along the Amazon River, Wickham managed to bring back home over 70,000 seeds. First planted in the Queen's gardens, they were then brought to Ceylon. The plantation trees turned out to be much more productive than the wild trees of the Amazon to such an extent that within a few years Asia invaded the market, and Brazil saw its market share go from 95% of the last decade of the nineteenth century to only 2-3% in 1913.
1888

John Dunlop invents the tire and begins the massive import of Natural Rubber in the west.

1890'lar

Henry N. Ridley develops "tapping", thus optimizing the extraction process which gave start to large-scale production.

1899

John Perkins discovers latex coagulation through the use of formic acid, further improving the production process.